Potato Varieties and How They Cook
Ingredients
Floury vs waxy
Basically, there are two main parts of a potato - water and starch. The more starch in the potato the more ‘floury’ it is and the more water, the more waxy in texture. It is important to remember both are different when cooked. To determine which category a potato falls into, the percentage of dry matter is measured - in other words, the percentage within the potato which is not water. Some potatoes have moderate amounts of starch. These potatoes fall into the ‘general purpose’ category and will tend to perform most tasks, although perhaps with not as good results as the ones which clearly fall into the floury or waxy category.
Description
There are many potato varieties grown in New Zealand, but there about 10 - 12 varieties which are 'common' and readily available. In addition there are a lot of varieties which have limited and/or localised supplies.
For more detailed information on potatoes go to www.potatoes.co.nz
Method
For boiling, salads and casseroles use waxy textured potatoes:
These potatoes have a high water content and are low in starch. They have a dense texture and retain their shape during cooking. This includes most ‘new’ potatoes.
Varieties include: Draga, Nadine, Frisia, and limited or localised supplies of Jersey Bennie, Liseta, Red King Edward, Tiffany, Annabelle
Some potatoes can be used for most end uses - look for general purpose potatoes:
These good all-rounders have moderate starch content and are not too floury, not too waxy - they sit between the two ends of the spectrum.
Varieties include: Rua, Desiree, Karaka, Moonlight, and limited or localised supplies of Red Ruby, Rocket, Van Rosa and Maris Anchor.
For mashing, wedges, roasting, chips and baking use floury textured potatoes:
These potatoes are low in water content and high in starch. They have a dry and delicate texture, break up easily when cooked and absorb a lot of liquid and flavour.
Varieties include: Ilam Hardy, Red Rascal, Agria, Fianna, NB: Agria has some very similar related varieties Bolesta and Markies. There is also limited or localised supplies of Victoria, Laura, Marabel which fall into this category
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